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- Heating load in Passive Houses
- en verified time and again in field measurements: by building to the Passive House Standard, it is act... ), the numbers for which are often easier to come by. ** The Passive House energy threshold of 15 kW... The Passive House criteria allow buildings to go by either criterion - the 15 kWh/(m²yr) heat demand ... Wh/(m<sup>3</sup>K). Fresh air can only be heated by a maximum of 30 K (to 51°C) in order to avoid dus
- Special features and characteristics of components in contact with the ground @basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_bridges:tbcalculation:ground_contact
- from the ground itself, this system is influenced by snow, frost formation, seepage and ground water. ... s of components in contact with the ground, given by: * the temperature θ of the ground. * the ... individual components of a building is determined by the temperature difference between the inside spa... erature of the outdoor air, it is also influenced by radiation exchange of the ground surface. In **Ak
- Thermal comfort parameters @basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_comfort
- mal comfort is established when the heat released by the human body is in equilibrium with its heat pr... n as the **comfort range**. It can be determined by Fanger’s equation, documented in ISO 7730 (see al... * the perceived temperatures in the room change by no more than 0.8 °C at different locations. Rega... rridor of the institute)}}] It is exciting that by the requirements of the passive house standard al
- What defines thermal bridge free design?
- l temperature-specific heat loss is characterised by the transmission conductance HT. It comprises the... be defined as follows: the contributions provided by thermal bridging are smaller than or equal to zer... contributions are compensated to a certain extent by other connections where there are negative linear... rion has been met. This can be done, for example, by calculating all the relevant details for building
- Definition and effects of thermal bridges @basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_bridges
- proportion of the building envelope is expressed by thermal bridges. They are defined by geometric, constructive and/or material modification and usually... e standard building components. They are depicted by the linear thermal transmittance $\varPsi$ with t... thermal bridges can be depicted as follows: - by using a general thermal bridge value $ \Delta U_{
- Heat transfer
- s. There are three mechanism of heat transfer: 1) by heat conduction, 2) by heat radiation and 3) by convection ((e.g. warm air moving)). Often people are surprised to hear that... quite airtight - but a lot of heat is transferred by heat conduction. The mechanism of heat conductio
- Adaptive versus Heat Balance Comfort Models @basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_comfort
- The heat balance models have also been confirmed by many field studies, mostly in air-conditioned off... oader temperature range is considered comfortable by users of free-running buildings because they can ... buildings), a fact that is already accounted for by the heat balance models. Often, vague references ... nly, whereas the same condition would be rated +3 by a subject who rarely experiences such temperature
- Software for calculating thermal bridges @basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_bridges:tbcalculation
- three-dimensional building component is described by Fourier's theory (according to Jean Baptiste Jose... available on the market are usually characterised by the following programme structure: * preprocess... al calculation using the FEM or FDM is undertaken by the processing unit, while the graphical analysis and depiction is performed by the postprocessor. For modelling of the relevant
- Unheated basement @basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_bridges:tbcalculation:examples
- erior space (see figure above). This is expressed by the following U-value: <WRAP centeralign> $$ \l... w takes place in accordance with DIN EN ISO 10211 by means of the following formula: <WRAP centeralig... e difference to the reality is thus also depicted by the U-value among other things. ===== Procedure ... ect of this thermal bridge is therefore expressed by two Ψ-values. The following applies for the exter
- Local thermal comfort @basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_comfort
- l comfort. This can be explained as follows: * By improving thermal insulation (regardless of the e... peratures at various locations in the room differ by less than 0.8 °C.\\ \\ > ** All the comfort crite... nieders 2002] ]]). - Physiological measurements by Bernhard Lipp objectify the perception of comfort
- Recommended procedure for calculating thermal bridges of components in contact with the ground @basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_bridges:tbcalculation:ground_contact
- or skirt insulation can also be depicted directly by the $\varPsi$-values in this way. ===== Basic pr... The calculation of the corresponding conductances by means of heat flow simulations takes place additi
- Thermal bridge calculation @basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_bridges
- | | Punctiform thermal bridges | Penetrations by supports, anchors, façade dowels, ... | D
- Basic principle for calculating thermal bridges @basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_bridges:tbcalculation
- at flow or the conductance $L_{2d}$ is determined by means of the heat flow simulation. To determine t
- Heated basement @basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_bridges:tbcalculation:examples
- omponents in contact with the ground are depicted by their transfer resistance in a manner similar to
- Interior walls on floor slabs @basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_bridges:tbcalculation:examples
- disturbed floor slab and the floor slab disturbed by the interior wall. //**Information!** Instead of