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What defines thermal bridge free design?
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significant, they will not be discussed in detail here. ($\varPsi$ **is the linear,** $\chi $ **the punc... quates to the statement $ \Delta U_{WB} \leq 0$, where $\Delta U_{WB}$ is the thermal bridge correction ... ave to be calculated in a multi-dimensional way. Therefore, simplified criteria for “thermal bridge free... ensated to a certain extent by other connections where there are negative linear thermal transmittances.
Thermal comfort parameters @basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_comfort
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n role – particularly for the mood of person who thereby expresses his or her perceptions. Living comfo... hen air speed rises to disturbingly high values. Therefore it is recommended, with "normal windows", to ... air speed and turbulence * air humidity.\\ There is a complete range of combinations of these four comfort factors where the level of comfort is very good, this is known
Definition and effects of thermal bridges @basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_bridges
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e** is a localised area of the building envelope where the heat flow is different (usually increased) in comparison with adjacent areas (if there is a difference in temperature between the inside... erior surface temperatures are then so high everywhere that critical levels of moisture cannot occur any... _free_design:|thermal bridge free design ]] are adhered to everywhere, the planners and construction man
Heating load in Passive Houses
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(i.e. the heating load) in that particular case. Therefore, it is essential to reliably **ascertain the ... ular design should be easily available. It would therefore seem appropriate to apply the existing standa... eating load. "No internal loads" only applies if there are no occupants present, which in turn leads to ... ng loads often have very high time constants (anywhere from 5 to 30 days or more). Due to this, brief pe
Local thermal comfort @basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_comfort
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from the inside to the outside is reduced. * Therefore the heat flow from the building’s interior to... utational Fluid Dynamic) simulation: even though there is a heater under the window, no draughts occur i... good, the air\\ speeds rise to critical levels, therefore it is advisable to place heaters under\\ "ord... ble-glazed window of an old buil-\\ ding is shown here.The average surface tempera-\\ tures are already
Exterior wall on floor slab @basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_bridges:tbcalculation:examples
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rier or sealing layers.// For the example given here, the bottom concrete layer (layer number 19) is d... de of the moisture barrier (layer number 17) and therefore has a poorer rated value for thermal conducti... ext{m}$). $B' = 7{,}992 \, \text{m}$ was selected here (including the exterior wall) //[Note: With some ... package |PHPP]] calculation. In the example shown here, the length of the exterior wall is 2.03 m. The b
Heated basement @basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_bridges:tbcalculation:examples
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oned linear thermal transmittance is given below. Here it should be mentioned that in the Ground workshe... n system however, Option B should also be applied here for determining the Ψ-values. {{ :picopen:beheiz... f the exterior wall can also be calculated easily here from the U-value and the adopted length. The cond... n practice, pre-prepared Excel templates are used here also for determining the Ψ-values. The heat flows
Adaptive versus Heat Balance Comfort Models @basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_comfort
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sses satisfaction with the thermal environment“. There is general agreement that the main external physi... s mainly on a subject’s activity and clothing. There are currently two fundamentally different approac... y. In the view of the Passive House Institute, there is a number of strong arguments against the appli... ture difference may result in a vote of +2 only, whereas the same condition would be rated +3 by a subje
Unheated basement @basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_bridges:tbcalculation:examples
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As a rule, lower temperatures prevail in these, therefore thermal separation of the basement from the h... mperature $\theta_u$ of the basement is unknown, therefore $L_{2d}$ cannot be calculated directly, but ... ese may not be included in the U-value either. Therefore: <WRAP centeralign> $$ \dfrac{1}{U} = \dfrac... $L_{iu}$ were calculated with only 2 simulations here. In this case the desired heat flows must be dete
Thermal Bridges Catalogue @basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_bridges
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or a range of insulation thickness from 0-400mm, thereby allowing the identification of Ψ-values for the... arising from the use of the information presented here is therefore excluded. |[[https://database.passivehouse.com/de/download/product_page/thermal-bridge-ca... rmal Bridges Tool [[:planning:thermal_bridge_tool|here]]. {{:picopen:sinfonia_eu_phi.png?nolink&300}}
Special features and characteristics of components in contact with the ground @basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_bridges:tbcalculation:ground_contact
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wards the surface through the building envelope, therefore the ground should be regarded as an additiona... Steady-state consideration of the heat flows is therefore quite adequate. This is no longer the case fo... 5 °C (on 21.07) in the test reference years shown here only has an impact 91 days later at a depth of 5 m. Here the peak temperature was still 13.1 °C on 20.10.
Basic principle for calculating thermal bridges @basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_bridges:tbcalculation
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t. It is essential that the linear reference is adhered to all throughout. If interior references are us... plans and measurements. Exterior dimensions are therefore consistently used in the [[planning:tools|PHP... es are set for the inside and outside as long as there is a temperature decline due to the building comp... conductance and convection is combined in these, therefore they depend on the condition of the surfaces
Heat transfer
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for an energy balance across system boundaries. There are three mechanism of heat transfer: 1) by heat ... eighboring molecule vibrate less (are "cooler"), there is a tendency to transfer a part of the vibration... in W/(m²K) (Watts per square metre per Kelvin), whereby a temperature difference of 1 K is exactly the ... which have to transfer heat to their neighbors) there is beetween the hot and the cold side. Thus the U
Interior walls on floor slabs @basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_bridges:tbcalculation:examples
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the interior wall is to the floor slab edge, and therefore to the exterior wall, the more on the safe si
Recommended procedure for calculating thermal bridges of components in contact with the ground @basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_bridges:tbcalculation:ground_contact
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HPP uses the external dimensional reference everywhere for calculations the length of the floor slab sho