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Heating load in Passive Houses

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assive Houses ====== Due to their extremely high level of energy efficiency, the heating demand in Passi... criterion, a Passive House will require different levels of insulation depending on the climate zone: mor... nservatively, i.e. they must ensure a comfortable level of heating for the buildings planned. * The ca... refully: if the cumulated errors exceed a certain level, even the Passive House Standard’s tolerance leve

Definition and effects of thermal bridges @basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_bridges

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ratures are then so high everywhere that critical levels of moisture cannot occur any longer – and the ad... mould can be assumed if relative surface humidity levels of 80 % prevail for a duration of 12 h/d (Tech... rophic thermal bridges is the improved insulation level already for the regular components. This leads to a generally higher level of indoor surface temperatures to begin with, alr

Software for calculating thermal bridges @basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_bridges:tbcalculation

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Unheated basement @basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_bridges:tbcalculation:examples

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alue ==== The substitute U-value of the basement level is calculated in accordance with Equation 1. Beca... t is assumed that the Base Area A of the basement level based on exterior dimensions correlates with the ... et so that the overall resistance of the basement level can be calculated afterwards with the aid of the

Heat transfer

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Local thermal comfort @basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_comfort

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\ descent at the window is very low. At the floor level, the air is diverted: the\\ maximum air speed is ... is not so good, the air\\ speeds rise to critical levels, therefore it is advisable to place heaters unde

Thermal comfort

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Adaptive versus Heat Balance Comfort Models @basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_comfort

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es in summer and winter due to different clothing levels. For sedentary activity, category A allows for a

Thermal comfort parameters @basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_comfort

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binations of these four comfort factors where the level of comfort is very good, this is known as the **c

Exterior wall on floor slab @basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_bridges:tbcalculation:examples

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e laid on the ground, this transfer resistance is level with the ground surface although the floor slab

Heated basement @basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_bridges:tbcalculation:examples

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rior wall connection is near or even above ground level. For this reason there are less interactions, and

Special features and characteristics of components in contact with the ground @basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_bridges:tbcalculation:ground_contact

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sing depth, an almost constant temperature at the level of the mean annual temperature is reached. The hi