Building envelope [ ]

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====== Building envelope ======

The **building envelope** consists of all components that separate the interior from the exterior. The interior of the building allows prevailing comfortable climate, whereas the outside is determined by the weather. In order to maintain comfortable indoor conditions in low-energy buildings, the entire building envelope needs to be perfectly insulated and prevented from air leakages. 

[[http://database.passivehouse.com/en/components/ | Passive House Component Database]]


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[{{{{:picopen:airtightness_with_logo.png?nolink350|}}] 
 **The Passive House envelope** \\ The most important principle for energy efficient construction is a continuous [[Planning:Thermal protection:Integrated thermal protection|insulating envelope]] all around the building //(yellow thick line)//, which minimises heat losses like a warm coat. In addition to the insulating envelope there should also be an [[planning:airtight_construction:general_principles:principles_for_improving_airtightness|airtight layer]] //(red line)// as most insulation materials are not airtight. \\ Independently of the construction, materials or building technology, one rule is always applicable: both insulation and airtight layers need to be continuous.

**Preventing thermal bridges (circles) is essential** \\ here  an individual planning method has to be developed, according to the construction and used materials, in order to achieve [[basics:building_physics_-_basics:what_defines_thermal_bridge_free_design|thermal bridge free design.]] \\ 
</WRAP>


===== Generalities about the thermal envelope =====
  *[[basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_comfort:Thermal comfort parameters|Thermal comfort parameters]]
  *[[basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_comfort:Local thermal comfort|Local thermal comfort]]
  *[[planning:thermal_protection:thermal_protection_works:Thermal protection vs. thermal storage|Thermal protection vs. thermal storage]]
  *[[sinfonia:Renovation Strategies assessed via District Energy Balance]]

===== Thermal insulation =====

  * [[basics:passive_houses_in_different_climates:passive_houses_in_cold_climates:Frost-free foundations|Frost free foundations]]  {{:picopen:members_only.png?20|}}
  * [[planning:refurbishment with Passive House components:thermal envelope:Insulation measures for the external envelope:Roof insulation|Roof insulation]]  {{:picopen:members_only.png?20|}}
  * [[planning:refurbishment with Passive House components:thermal envelope:Insulation measures for the external envelope:Basement ceiling insulation|Basement ceiling insulation]]  {{:picopen:members_only.png?20|}}
  * [[:phi_publications:pb_32:introduction_passive_house_components_and_interior_insulation|Interior insulation]] {{:picopen:members_only.png?20|}}
 
===== Thermal bridges =====
  * [[basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_bridges:thermal_bridge_definition]]
  * [[basics:building_physics_-_basics:what_defines_thermal_bridge_free_design]]
  * [[basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_bridges:tbcalculation]]
  * [[planning:refurbishment with Passive House components:thermal envelope:minimising thermal bridges|Minimising thermal bridges]] {{:picopen:members_only.png?20|}}
  * {{ :picopen:microsoft_word_-_05_fact-sheet_thermal-bridges_kk.pdf | What is a thermal bridge? }}
  * [[planning:thermal_protection:thermal_protection_works:challenging_connection_details_and_their_impact_on_the_heating_demand|]]  {{:picopen:members_only.png?20|}}
  * [[basics:building_physics_-_basics:thermal_bridges:thermal_bridges_catalogue|Thermal Bridges Catalogue]]


===== Airtightness =====

  * [[.:refurbishment_with_passive_house_components:thermal_envelope:airtightness|]]
  * [[.:airtight_construction|]]
  * [[.:airtight_construction:airtightness_measurements_in_passive_houses|]] {{:picopen:members_only.png?20}}
  * [[.:airtight_construction:airtightness_of_osb_boards|]] {{:picopen:members_only.png?20}}
  * [[.:airtight_construction:airtightness_measurement_of_high-rise_buildings_guidelines|]] {{:picopen:members_only.png?20}}


===== Windows and doors =====
  * [[Planning:Thermal protection:Windows|Passive House windows]]
  * [[planning:building_services:heating_and_dhw:heating:heat_pumps:Structural soundproofing for building services systems – Proposed approaches for architects and planners:soundproofing_of_doors|Soundproofing in Passive House doors]]  {{:picopen:members_only.png?20|}}
  * [[Planning:Thermal protection:Windows:optimization_of_roller_shutters_and_exterior_blinds|]]  {{:picopen:members_only.png?20|}}
  * [[planning:thermal_protection:windows:window_certification:start]]  {{:picopen:members_only.png?20|}}
  * [[planning:thermal_protection:windows:Editing Passive House windows tender specifications:start]]
  * {{ :picopen:microsoft_word_-_07_window_step_by_step_retrofit_kk.pdf |Windows in step-by-step retrofits - windows first, then insulation }}
  * [[Windows in step-by-step modernisations – First the thermal insulation, then the windows]] {{:picopen:members_only.png?20}}

===== Passive House components =====
Which components are needed to achieve the Passive House / EnerPHit Standard in my region? [[planning:component_guidelines_for_cost-optimal_passive_houses_and_enerphit_retrofits|Click here to find out.]]

  * [[Certification:passive_house_suitable_components|Passive House suitable components]] 
  * [[http://database.passivehouse.com/en/components/|Passive House component database]] 
===== Modernisation of existing buildings =====
  * [[planning:refurbishment with Passive House components:thermal envelope:Improving thermal bridges and airtightness in existing buildings|Building envelope in existing buildings ]]
  * [[planning:refurbishment_with_passive_house_components:thermal_envelope:Improving thermal bridges and airtightness in existing buildings:Modernisation_using_Passive_House_components|Thermal insulation]]  {{:picopen:members_only.png?20|}}
  * [[planning:refurbishment with Passive House components:thermal envelope:airtightness|Airtightness]]  {{:picopen:members_only.png?20|}}
  * [[planning:refurbishment_with_passive_house_components:thermal_envelope:Improving thermal bridges and airtightness in existing buildings:Main_objectives_of_refurbishements_with_Passive_House_components|Passive House components]]  {{:picopen:members_only.png?20|}}
  * [[planning:refurbishment_with_passive_house_components:Prospects for the modernisation of existing buildings using highly efficient components]] 
  * [[planning:refurbishment with Passive House components:thermal envelope:Insulation measures for the external envelope]]  {{:picopen:members_only.png?20|}}
  * [[planning:planning:Thermal protection and modernisation of existing buildings]]
  * [[phi_publications:#Using Passive House technology for retrofitting non-residential buildings]] {{:picopen:members_only.png?20}}
  * [[phi_publications:Nr.48 Heat losses towards the ground|Heat losses towards the ground]] {{:picopen:members_only.png?20|}}
  * [[phi_publications:possibilities_for_optimised_use_of_daylight_and_artificial_lighting_systems_in_modernisations_of_non-residential_buildings| Possibilities for optimised use of daylight and artificial lighting systems in modernisations of non-residential buildings]] {{:picopen:members_only.png?20|}}




===== Multimedia =====

  * [[http://www.passivehouse-international.org/index.php?page_id=181#Insulation%20and%20Airtightness|Video on insulation and airtightness]]

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===== See also =====

[[https://www.passipedia.org/phi_publications#research_group_proceedings|Read more in the Passive House Institute's publications]]\\
\\
[[https://database.passivehouse.com/en/components/|Passive House Component Database]]\\
\\
[[:affiliate_literature:building_envelope|Affiliate Literature - Building envelope]]

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